Exposure is the first it talks about in the book in part two and exposure is the first step in becoming a good photographer. Exposure is controlled by shutter speed and aperture size and it can be set automatically or manually. To maintain a good exposure it's good to watch the histogram on the LCD screen to see what parts are blown out. There are three basic options for exposure mode. Aperture Priority (AV) Mode which is that you choose the aperture and the camera automatically sets the corresponding shutter speed. AV mode is the best mode for all subjects since it gives priority to depth of field. Then theres's Shutter Priority (TV) Mode and this mode you set the shutter speed and then the camera sets the appropriate aperture. Then there's Manual Mode, where you set the shutter speed and aperture manually. One important thing to remember is that you might have to adjust the exposure when you're dealing with for example snow, since the camera automatically turns everything to 18% grey. Shooting with exposure compensation will help you out in these situations.
Shooting on sunny cloudless days might be a waste of time. It's very bright and subjects will cast shadows. A lot of the subject will loose its detail to excessive contrast. Therefore, shooting when it's cloudy out helps improve color saturation and when the sun scatters through the clouds we will be able to see more detail on the subject. Front light is best when shooting birds and mammals, you get contrast between the colors and a lot of detail will be shown. Side light reveals form and texture it gives long, deep shadows and nothing will be in shadows so you can see all ridges, wrinkles and dimples and other things. It makes really pretty landscape pictures. Backlight is most effective when the sun is directly behind the subject. It is good to use on subjects with indistinct, shaggy peripheries such as furry and feathered animals.
Depth of field determines how much of the image is in sharp detail. When shooting landscapes it's nice to show as much detail as possible, from the foreground all the way to horizon. WHen shooting for example an animal it might be nicer to just focus on he animal and the background won't be as sharp.
When shooting in shutter speed it's good when hold handing the camera to set the shutter to 1/200 for a 200 mm lens. No slower than the inverse of the lens. This is to avoid blur. A slower shutter speed will allows blur on the motion of the subject. Choosing shutter speed with an obvious blur is most commonly used when photographing moving water to enhance the movements of it.
The most important thing we learned in this chapter is designing the picture space. The conclusions for the visual priorities. These are; red is more attractive than yellow, large draws more attention than small, difference draws more attention than conformity, jagged lines are more striking than curved ones, diagonal lines are more attractive than vertical ones, sharpness is more attractive than blur and light is more attractive than dark. Another really important thing is the rule of thirds. which is that the center of the interest is placed on one third from bottom or top and from the sides.
This Part of the book was good for me as a beginner because it gave you the basic stuff that you need to know and it explained them well!
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